Auteur: dimitrisvetsikas1969. Pixabay Licence.

80 million forcibly displaced people by the end of 2019

La version française de cet article intitulée « 80 millions de cicatrices sur la conscience de l’humanité » est parue dans Voix d’Exils le 3 mars 2020

Wars are provoked, countries are divided and refugees are flooding the world, while terrible images are displayed every day on television screens of migrants drowning in rough seas, dying of exhaustion or starvation, killed by mercenaries, exploited by human traffickers and transformed into merchandise and currency. They are victims of political machinations and « regime change », in other words, man-made misfortunes!

According to the estimates of United Nations Refugee Agency (UNHCR), at the end of 2019, an unprecedented number of 80 million people were forcibly displaced worldwide and delivered to stormy seas, to the burning desert sun and to the whims of the immigration offices of host countries.

Children are the most vulnerable

Children are the most vulnerable among refugees. They are infected with widespread diseases, recruited as child soldiers in armed conflicts and are victims of rape and forced labor.

The other day, as I was scrolling through my Facebook page I came across this piece of news: “Fatima Ibrahim Hadi, aged 12, died of malnutrition on February 4 of this year, after her photos invaded international media as living proof of the ugliness of the war on Yemen and of the crimes committed by the warring parties and their patrons”. In Yemen, an estimated 3.2 million children and women suffer from acute malnutrition and 7,4 million children need humanitarian assistance (ICRC). Then, continuing to scroll down my page, I found this obituary: « The al-Ghai family is devastated by the loss of four family members who perished while crossing the Aegean Sea from Turkey to Greece. Four other members of the same family were saved. Many others have drowned. Most of them were from Hasakeh governorate of Syria ” located in the northeast of the country.

Weaponizing refugees

In October 2019, Turkish President Recep Tayyip Erdoğan and his Syrian Sunni Islamist allies launched a full-scale military offensive in this very region of Hasakeh. The incursion has triggered the displacement of 200,000 to 300,000 people overnight in the towns and villages of Ras al-Ain, Tal Tamer and Tal Abiad, and caused widespread devastation and pillage.
Turkish President Erdogan, whose country has been deeply involved in the war in Syria, and who opened his country’s borders to Syrian refugees at the start of the conflict, is now using them as bargaining chips with the European Union, and his latest attempt to pushing them to the Greco-Turkish border demonstrates his lack of concern for their well-being.
Moreover, the policy of weaponising Syrian refugees and recruiting them in Turkey’s proxy wars in Lybia and elsewhere continues full-scale. The Guardian’s correspondent writes the following from Ankara on 26 may 2020: In Lybia “an estimated 8’000 to10’000” Syrian mercenaries are fighting as “part of Ankara’s plan for supremacy in the eastern Mediterranean” (1). This blatant violation of all international conventions is another clear example of how Turkey is mistreating and manipulating an extremely vulnerable population.

Refugees die twice

Someone has said that these poor refugees die twice: once when their natural habitats is destroyed and they are bombed outside their countries. And a second time, when they struggle along the arduous roads in their quest to reach the host countries!
On an official mission for the United Nations, Jean Ziegler, a sociologist from Geneva, made a research tour in May 2019 to Lesbos, one of five refugee reception centers on Greek’s Aegean Islands. And in his recently published book « Lesbos, la honte de l’Europe », he describes how 20’000 refugees are crammed there in totally inhuman conditions, in a flagrant violation of the most basic principles of human rights! These conditions, he says, are « Set by the European Union for one purpose: to create terror and deterrence in order to prevent the arrival of other refugees »

Mainstream media dare not expose the real causes of these tragedies

Being well aware of the nature of politics, there will be no end to these man-made disasters in the future. The UN, the non-governmental organizations (NGOs) and people of good will do not have the appropriate leverage to end this situation. The mainstream media dare not expose the real causes of these tragedies. Meanwhile, the powerful countries that have been involved in these disasters do care only about how to « divide the cake » in countries like Syria, Libya, Iraq, Yemen, Afghanistan and many others which have become failing states unable to protect their citizens.

Have human values and ethics become empty slogans?

If humanity had lived by certain human principles and values, most of these displaced people would have stayed at home, enjoying a dignified and secure life, even though they had to tolerate difficulties and poverty.

Hayro
Member of the Vaud editorial board of  Voix d’Exils

References:
(1) Turkey and The Weaponizing of Syrian Refugees.

Source What’s up

From the risk of death to the platforms to defend freedom of expression

Nabil Alosaidi is a Yemeni journalist and member of the Council of the Yemeni Journalists Syndicate since 2009. He was chairman of the training and rehabilitation committee and supervisor of the freedoms committee of the union.  He has been living in Switzerland for three years now because of the war in his country. Nabil Alosaidi participates in many events held at the Human Rights Council to convey the voices of the victims and to identify violations of freedom of opinion and expression. Reporters Without Borders has classified Yemen as one of the most dangerous countries for journalists.

The beginnings

“I began my relationship with the press as a hobby. During my high school studies, I began to write for some Yemeni newspapers. Then, I continued to acquire more journalism skills studying at the Media College and the University of Sana’a. I worked for many Yemeni newspapers until I became a correspondent and director of the office of Okaz, a Saudi newspaper, in Yemen.” tells Nabil Alosaidi.

The struggle for professionalism and independence

Nabil Alosaidi says that the difficulties on professional and personal levels do not allow the independent Yemeni press to appear. The political and partisan activities, political disputes and conflicts between power centers interfere with the functioning of the press in Yemen. The independent press is important in the country where people need to hear an independent voice that belongs to them.

“Personally, I have faced these difficulties with courage, like do many Yemeni journalists who dream of a homeland with independent press and freedom of speech. I’m still struggling for it, while the war keeps attacking the press continuously. All the parties of the conflict arrest journalists and prevent the voices of the other. Journalists are facing blackmail, detention, abduction and are assassinated. Now ten of our young journalists are in trial, facing the risk of execution” tells Nabil Alosaidi.

Seeking asylum in Switzerland

Nabil Alosaidi believes that the profession of journalism has always been dangerous in Yemen, especially over the last few years of the war between many parties disputing power. For instance, in September 2014, the Houthi militias swept through Sana’a and overturned the government taking control of its institutions, including the media and the press. They occupied newspapers, radio and television buildings and closed the opposition newspapers.

Nabil Alosaidi describes the story of his survival saying: “I had to move from one city to the next until I reached the city of Taiz, where I stayed hidden with the help of relatives and friends. After a few months, I had to move out of the sieged city before they could discover my place. It was like an impossible task because of the closure of all the exits of Taiz. I walked a long distance until I managed to exit the city and then moved between cities to reach Saudi Arabia. I stayed there for a few months before I could travel to Switzerland. I was part of a media delegation accompanying the negotiations between the Yemeni government and the Houthi militias in Geneva. Because the war did not allow an independent press and forced the journalists to side by one of the parties in the conflict, I decided to stay in Switzerland seeking protection and freedom.”

Nabil Alosaidi believes that staying in Switzerland has greatly influenced his professional career in the press. Here, he started to defend the victims of the human rights violations in Yemen. The protection and the freedom he obtained in Switzerland allows him to deliver the voices of Yemeni journalists to the international community and to the human rights organizations. He is determined to continue defending the freedom of press and journalist detainees in the forums of international press and human rights until the press recovers in Yemen. While in Switzerland, Alosaidi could also lead a press campaign, the most known and the strongest ever, against corruption in the Yemeni government. He has received the Journalism Award for Integrity and Combating Corruption and the Public Anti-Corruption Personality Award in 2018 for this campaign. 

Wafa Al Sagheer

Membre de la rédaction vaudoise de Voix d’Exils

Article traduit de l’anglais vers le français par MHER

Contributeur externe de Voix d’Exils

Version française de l’article ici

Auteur: nadassfoto « Je suis Charlie », manifestation suite au massacre de la rédaction du journal Charlie Hebdo » (CC BY-NC-SA 2.0)

Is Charlie Hebdo attack new to social phenomena? What are the reasons behind Islamic terrorism? Is freedom of speech a western value? This article attempts to handle these tough questions by giving way to thinking outside the box into which mobilizers are forcefully pushing us.

What shocked me in Paris terror attacks was different from what afflicted a large part of the Occident. Even though much of what I experienced in my life as a free writer would make me identify with humanists and free artists in general, I see in social identification a great part of the problem.

I was stunned by the speed western society mobilized after the 7^th of January attacks. This difference in attitudes is due to the fact that I had my secular upbringing in a widely religious society, and I learnt how to deliver, pass and code my messages and my divergent views in an environment that does not acknowledge individuality, human rights, and the freedom of expression. In contrast, Europeans and Americans, generally, think of human rights and freedom of speech as part of their cultural heritage rather than universal values, and tend to think of terrorism as rooted in another culture or other cultures. However, by thinking like that, they are likely to marginalize and exclude a considerable percentage of western citizens who come from oriental origins whether well integrated or not.

I wonder why all those muslims in France feel the need to defend themselves against putative accusation of terrorism as the French law does not convict people of terrorism unless they are complicit in it. In other words, if I were a French Muslim and I trusted the rule of law in France, why would I feel threatened if five million French Muslims turned to be terrorists?

Auteur: Bernard Blanc « Pau est Charlie, Béarn, Pyrénées Atlantiques, Aquitaine, France » (CC BY-NC-SA 2.0)

I wonder also why a parallel mobilization is taking place in the USA where more extremist reactions are coming out. Paris attacks are being excessively exploited by Obama’s opponents to denounce his policy regarding the Middle East and the Muslim world in general. Moreover, the talk about pausing Muslim immigration is witnessing a renewal. Such reaction is excessive when we realize that France has proportionately a much larger Muslim population than North America. I wonder also why a terrorist attack conducted by a small number of people triggers off such controversy in the American medias about a menacing third world war unless there is a desire to declare it. If we exclude the notion that this kind of mobilization is part of the preparations for this war (which is the worst possible scenario) and tend to think that occidentals are responding to the threat by highlighting a principal emblem of their culture (freedom of expression), then it is also not the best thing to do.

Auteur: Quentin Chandelier « Je suis Charlie » (CC BY-NC-SA 2.0)

Occidentals should be very careful with matters of identity and should not overuse the slogan « I am Charlie » for the risk of becoming an alienating slogan as well as paving the way for a rivaling slogan « I am not Charlie » as long as they actually care about stability in and out of the Western world. I would like to bring the attention to the frustration Muslims might feel as a result of finding themselves constantly stigmatized as perpetrators of terrorism. Moreover, the reluctance or the failure at integrating Muslims is liable to lead the frustrated ones to succumb to the call of terrorists. Personally, I think of Islamic terrorism as a natural aggregate result of the failure of integration programs in the west, and the obvious unwillingness of the global powers to make peace in the Middle East.

I would like to direct the attention of those who are involved in the movement of mobilization that stressing certain values is actually a symptom of an imminent crisis because all the human values are consequently reduced to one highlighted value − in this case it is « freedom of expression ». Hitler relied heavily on two values (dignity and pride) to mobilize Germans. Likewise, Islamic terrorists prioritize the value of « martyrdom » to mobilize their recruits. Needless to mention also that to create a crisis is much easier than to solve it. Social identification is a capacity of our minds and a method to defend our identity against the outside world, but also a risky rejection and by extension, knowledge of the « other ». In fact, a Muslim who identifies with his prophet Mohammed is going through the same mental process by which a professor identifies with his/her titles and certificates and gets mad because a student addresses him/her without this title. Both Mohammed and the title work as sources of values. An original problem arises when this Muslim or that professor has no other sources of values to safeguard his/her self-image, and the second problem comes when individuals or the society shakes their self image constantly and pushes them to eliminate the sources of their trouble by murdering or rejecting their « offenders ». I do not pretend that I know all the details or the motives for the Charlie Hebdo massacre, but what I am sure about is that it is not new to social phenomena and if we broaden the scope of our social identification, we will find out that it is not more horrific than what is taking place all over the world.

Auteur: Franck Mée « Hommage » (CC BY-NC-SA 2.0)

I think it is not reasonable to say that all of France or the western world has been attacked, and those who do so, are actually using the same logic that Islamists use when they say that Islam has been attacked. Really, by adopting this exaggeration for either assessing threats or evading them, occidentals give a justification for Islamists who would have more reason to talk about anti-Muslim attacks after all that chaos in the Muslim world and the overt intervention of different western powers.

If occidentals care about stability and freedom of expression inside their borders they have to work for stability, democracy and human rights outside their borders. By doing so, they would help Muslims and others criticize their own values, broaden their vision of their humanity and bolster their intolerance. By doing the opposite along with an insistent association between Islam and terrorism, they just push them towards radicalism.

Ibrahim Rami

Membre de la rédaction Neuchâteloise de Voix d’Exils

« Je suis Charlie » : arrêtez la mobilisation !

Est-ce que l’attaque contre Charlie Hebdo est un nouveau phénomène social? Quelles sont les raisons qui animent le terrorisme Islamique? Est-ce que la liberté d’expression est une valeur occidentale? Cet article tente de traiter ces questions difficiles en proposant un point de vue qui sort du carcan dans lequel les protestataires du mouvement «Je suis Charlie» nous enferment forcément.

Ce qui m’a choqué dans les attaques terroristes à Paris était différent de ce qui a affligé à une grande partie de l’Occident. Même si une grande partie de ce que j’ai vécu dans ma vie en tant qu’écrivain libre me conduirait à m’identifier aux humanistes et artistes libres, en général, je vois dans l’identification sociale une grande partie du problème de cette mobilisation.

J’ai été stupéfait par la vitesse avec laquelle la société occidentale s’est mobilisée suite aux attaques de janvier 2015 à Paris. Cette différence d’attitude est due au fait que j’ai une éducation laïque dans une société largement religieuse et j’ai appris comment livrer, passer et coder mes messages et mes points de vue divergents dans un environnement qui ne reconnaît pas l’individualité, les droits de l’homme, et la liberté d’expression.

En revanche, les européens et les américains, en général, considèrent les droits de l’homme et la liberté d’expression comme étant l’héritage de leur patrimoine culturel plutôt que des valeurs universelles et tendent à penser que le terrorisme est enraciné dans une autre culture ou d’autres cultures. Toutefois, en pensant de la sorte, ils sont susceptibles de marginaliser et d’exclure une partie considérable des citoyens occidentaux qui sont d’origine orientale, bien intégrés ou non.

Je me demande aussi pourquoi tous ces musulmans en France sentent la nécessité de se défendre contre l’accusation présumée de terrorisme, étant donné que la loi française ne reconnaît pas les gens comme terroristes, à moins d’y être directement impliqué. En d’autres termes, si j’étais un musulman français et que je faisais confiance à la primauté du droit en France, pourquoi devrais-je me sentir menacé si cinq millions de musulmans français se sont tournés vers les terroristes ?

Je me demande aussi pourquoi une mobilisation parallèle se déroule aux États-Unis, où davantage de réactions extrémistes se manifestent. Les attentats de Paris sont excessivement exploités par les adversaires d’Obama pour dénoncer sa politique au Moyen-Orient et dans le monde musulman en général.

En outre, le discours sur la suspension de l’immigration musulmane témoigne d’un renouveau. Cette réaction est excessive, lorsque nous nous rendons compte que la France a une population musulmane proportionnellement beaucoup plus grande que l’Amérique du Nord. Je me demande aussi pourquoi une attaque terroriste menée par un petit nombre de personnes déclenche une telle controverse dans les médias américains qui parlent d’une troisième guerre mondiale menaçante si ce n’est un désir de la déclarer.

Si l’on exclut l’idée d’une telle mobilisation en guise de préparatifs pour cette guerre (ce qui serait le pire scénario possible) et tendons plutôt à penser que les occidentaux font face à la menace en mettant en évidence l’emblème principal de leur culture (liberté d’expression) alors ce n’est également pas la meilleure chose à faire….

Les occidentaux devraient être très prudents avec les questions d’identité et ne doivent pas abuser du slogan «je suis Charlie» qui risque de devenir un slogan aliénant ouvrant la voie à un slogan rivalisant «je ne suis pas Charlie». Ce, bien entendu, pour autant qu’ils se préoccupent vraiment de la stabilité à l’intérieur et en dehors du monde occidental.

Je voudrais aussi attirer l’attention sur la frustration des musulmans qui pourraient se sentir par la suite en étant constamment stigmatisés comme auteurs potentiels d’actes terroristes. Personnellement, je pense que le terrorisme islamique est le résultat naturel de l’échec des programmes d’intégration dans l’Ouest, de la réticence évidente des grandes puissances mondiales à faire la paix aux Moyen-Orient et de la réticence ou l’incapacité à intégrer les musulmans, ce qui est susceptible d’amener les frustrés à succomber à l’appel des terroristes.

Discutons à présent des personnes qui sont impliquées dans le mouvement de mobilisation «Stop Charlie» et qui, en soulignant certaines valeurs, en font le symptôme d’une crise imminente où toutes les valeurs humaines sont réduites à une valeur mise en évidence. Dans ce cas: « la liberté d’expression ». Hitler s’était fortement appuyé sur deux valeurs : la dignité et la fierté pour mobiliser les Allemands… De même, les terroristes islamiques mettent la priorité sur la valeur de « martyrs » pour mobiliser leurs recrues. Inutile de mentionner également que créer une crise est beaucoup plus facile que de la résoudre…

L’identification sociale est une capacité de notre esprit et une méthode pour défendre notre identité contre le monde extérieur, mais aussi, par extension, un rejet risqué de la connaissance de « l’autre ».

En fait, un musulman qui s’identifie à son prophète Mahomed passe par le même processus mental que par lequel un professeur s’identifie avec ses titres et se met en colère parce qu’un élève l’aborde sans faire appel à ses titres. Comme le titre de professeur, le prophète Mohamed est une source de valeurs. Un problème initial se pose lorsque ce musulman ou ce professeur n’a pas d’autres sources de valeurs pour sauvegarder son image et le second problème vient quand les individus ou la société bouscule leur image en permanence en les poussant à éliminer les sources de leur détresse en assassinant ou rejetant leurs « délinquants ».

Je ne prétends pas connaître tous les détails ou les motifs du massacre de Charlie Hebdo, mais ce dont je suis sûr, c’est que ce n’est pas nouveau en tant que phénomène social et que si nous élargissons la portée de notre identification sociale, nous allons découvrir qu’elle n’est pas plus horrible que ce qui se passe partout ailleurs dans le monde.

Je pense que ce n’est pas raisonnable de dire que toute la France ou le monde occidental a été attaqué, et ceux qui le font effectivement utilisent la même logique que les islamistes quand ils disent que l’islam à été attaqué.

Vraiment, en adoptant cette exagération soit pour évaluer les menaces ou les élucider, les occidentaux donnent une justification pour les islamistes qui auraient plus de raisons de parler d’attaques anti-musulmanes après tout le chaos dans le monde musulman généré par l’intervention manifeste de plusieurs puissances occidentales dans cette région…

Si les occidentaux se soucient réellement de la stabilité et de la liberté d’expression à l’intérieur de leurs frontières, ils doivent aussi travailler pour la stabilité, le respect de la démocratie et des droits humains en dehors de leurs frontières.

En faisant de la sorte ils aideraient les musulmans et tous ceux qui critiquent leurs valeurs à élargir leur vision de l’humanité et à renforcer leur tolérance. En faisant le contraire et en associant de manière insistante l’islam au terrorisme, ils ne font que pousser les musulmans  vers le radicalisme.

Ibrahim Rami

Membre de la rédaction neuchâteloise de Voix d’Exils

« Syria is BLEEDING ! » A Syrian protest in Times Square, Manhattan, New York City, 03/10/12 . Author: Asterix611 (CC BY-NC-ND 2.0)

The opinion of a Syrian citizen in Switzerland

In 1963, Al Ba’ath party holds the command in Syria, and for around 50 years, Syria lost all the good things which had been achieved among years of being one of the first countries in the region which applied the democratic principles in its political life. It lost also the great tradition of having a lot of principles and techniques to rule the state correlating various and different parties.

It was normal to have in the same family different political views and members of several parties. I still remember the story which my grandmother told me: “Once, I drove my brother out of my house, because he insulted my political views, and that he belonged to a different party which was in a continuous enmity with mine“. Here, I want to drag your attention to a strange fact that my grandma was almost illiterate. So it was simply real and habitual to believe in your right of expressing your political views without feeling afraid or scared of being arrested or blamed.

I belong to that unlucky generation, which came out to this life without hope or freedom. I was always interested in listening to or reading the old stories about the better life, the freedom and the happiness. My grandma was always the reference to saturate my curiosity. She was talented in expressing her ideas and describing the life in simple words: “With this bloody regime, patience will not be the solution. If you want to change you need to put your soul in your hands and struggle”. Everybody saw the river of blood always when it came to his/her mind the idea of change. The regime in Syria is the literal meaning of the ironic regime. “Walls have ears” is the sentence everybody speaks with a faint voice.

One Party! No, you have to say the only party! It is really unaccepted at all to be forced always to believe in what they say, and who are they?! They are the authority, the Ba’ath party. “Why do I have to belong to this party if I don’t believe in its principles? Is it a must?” I was asking these frank questions always to my teachers, my friends, and my parents especially to my father who was one of the first members of Al Ba’ath in his village in the early 60s of the last century. He studied law, so it was always amazing to me to have a discussion with him regarding the human rights and the freedom right to choose your life as like as you want. To be honest, I felt guilty when I was listening the sad tone in his voice trying to justify and explain his situation, and how different it is now than before!

I, myself, strongly believe in freedom, and in a fair life for everybody. So, the use of intimidation and weapons in threating the people to don’t open their mouths is, in contrast, a double-edges weapon also. It is like a volcano, if it keeps trapping the magma inside for long time, these magma will find its way to the surface anyways, and once it reaches that, the eruption will happen. The huger the magma you trap, the greater the eruption will be. This is the equation in Syria now. People reached the limit, and can’t hold on anymore. It is the revolution eruption, and it is as extreme as you can see, hear and read. Currently, nothing can stop it at all, even if the number of martyrs will get to be millions. People tasted the freedom again, and for us as a new generation, we are experiencing it for the first time. It is really a stunning ecstasy, and I will not accept anymore to be prevented from having my freedom always.

Orwa Al-Hussein

Membre de la redaction valaisanne de Voix d’Exils

A young man from Kurdistan is crossing the Mediterranean sea in 2009. Exclusive photo: Voix d’Exils.

I was a little bit lonely during the summer holidays, and maybe that’s why I was able to follow the London Olympics Games, from the opening ceremony up to the closing. The London Games were going to remain perfect in my mind, if not for the fact that a few days after the closure, I learned that the dream of a Somali athlete, Samia Yusuf Omar, had ended in the Mediterranean sea.

I must confess that I only came to know Samia through the report of her death, when she died in the sea trying to make her way to Europe, and London in particular to represent her country in the Olympic Games. I wonder if she would have been able to participate, or if she would have even struggled with immigration issues? The courage of Samia from Somalia, a country torn by war, is not only explained by sport’s ambitions but also her sense of survival!

Since the Arab spring erupted in early 2011 in North Africa, the world carries more interest in crossing accidents in the Mediterranean sea. As the Italians and the French were arguing on how they should share the refugee burden, to me, the major interest was the way people, in their quest for survival, undertake hazardous journeys, board over crowded boats, with great risks of drowning and most end up losing their lives, drowningt in the dark waters of the sea. The more I tried to read about the sea deaths, the more I was surprised as I learned that on average of 1500 people drown per year as they try to cross from Africa to Europe. This makes these waters, the worst of the world, with the biggest number of dead people annually. Some media suspect that the number might even be doubled since there are many boats that disappear with no recorded number of people on board.
When I reached Switzerland, in August 2011, I met a young man called Abu, who gave me more details about the dangers of crossing the Mediterranean sea. Abu was 25 years old, single, and is originated from Nigeria where he was working in Printing and Press before facing problems that forced him to leave his country. He told me horrific details of his journey, from Nigeria to Morocco, and then later crossing to Europe.
Abu’s journey started with the crossing of the hot Sahara desert. He told me how the group of eight people he was part of kept reducing with deaths due to sand and dehydration. They had started off by hiring the services of a gang who had a speedy Land Rover Defender vehicle, which enabled them to cross the Sahara. They had water and other necessities and the initial destination was Morroco, where they could find the boat connection services to Europe.

Lost in the middle of the Sahara desert

The Sahara desert. Photo: Dan.be. (CC BY-NC-ND 2.0)

After driving for several hundred kilometers, possibly a quarter of the desert, the car broke down. After several manoeuvres to repair the engine, the refugees were told to get out to see if the car could be pushed to start again with less load. The pushing succeeded and the car started. But yes, it was the beginning of the horror, as the two transporters just sped back leaving the refugees stranded more than a hundreds of kilometres inside the desert. They had been robbed of thousands of dollars, which they had paid to be transported to Morocco. Well, food and water had also been removed to reduce the weight in the car. The poor 6 men and 2 girls just realised that they had been conned to their death as they were to later die one by one.

After four days of walking (usually during the nights, to avoid the unbearable sun in the desert), only 3 people were still alive. They had been surviving by drinking their urine and strictly rationed food. Among them was one girl, Abu and another boy. Its was during the night of the fourth day that they were rescued by patrolling moroccan border guards with barely tired, dehydrated, with now skeletal bodies. They were immediately rushed to the Red Cross facility for intensive medical attention to recover from hard beatings of the Sahara. The girl was to later lose her mind, as among those who had died on the way was her brother and her boy friend.

Lost in no man’s water sea
Abu did recover from the desert trauma, and spent two years of hard life: sleeping on the streets of  a maroccan port, begging money to survive, and doing odd jobs on the black market; hoping one day he would get enough money to pay the boat to Spain illegally organised by gangs in Morocco.

A young man from Kurdistan is crossing the Mediterranean sea in 2009. Exclusive photo: Voix d’Exils

After being rejected several times by the gangs which organise clandestine journeys to Spain, for lack of sufficient money, a gang leader he had approached fifteen times during his two years in Morrocco, finally felt sorry for him. The gang leader told him, “I am taking you on my boat because I feel pity for you. You should have tried to go back to your country, but I know you cannot cross the desert again. Lets agree on one thing: in case of trouble in  the sea and  if we need to throw things off the boat, you will be the one to be thrown out first, because you have paid the least”. Abu promised the man that he would jump into the water  voluntarily before being thrown out in the case of trouble.

The journey was expected to take 15 hours if all factors remained constant. First, the boat raised with Abu’s fear as it was fully packed. They started off in the afternoon with 70 people on board. Among the refugees was a pastor, who started to pray and assured the trembling travellers of God’s protection and then each one started to pray in his or her own language. They all knew that thousands had died in that sea in their attempt to cross to Europe.

The journey started with hours of quietness but for the sobbing of children also present and the constant roar of the boat engine. The majority of women had children, and some had conceived as a result of rape in Morocco or other places where they had passed on their way to Europe. There are gangs who use the desperate girls as sex slaves forcing them into prostitution and some end up getting pregnant.

It was late at night, the sea was dark as hell, in sight of stars in the sky, then fear erupted because suddenly the engine stopped ! After several attempts to re-start the engine in vain, Abu thought that his time of voluntary plunge into the Mediterranean had arrived. The captain ordered all the luggage to be thrown into the water but, in the meantime, he attempted to fix his engine with cries filling the air from the  boat’s occupants as they waited for their death.
These transporters always rely on 2 things, the compass and the spanish coastal patrol. There is a point in the ocean where the telephone network is cut out. The transporters usually have two phones, one for Moroccan network and another for Spanish connection.

The engine died unfortunately where neither Morocco nor Spain could be reached via telephone. The option for Spain is always the best, because if they can call the Spanish rescue services, it means that they are already in Spanish waters, thus Spanish territory. Unfortunately, this time, they belonged to no man’s waters.

They had been spotted by the patrol chopper after 3 hours of floating waiting for their final minutes of drowning. The chopper called the vessel and they were officially registered in Spain as refugees. 5 months in economic stricken Spain turned Abu into a beggar again, like he had been in Morocco.

The unpleasant surprise of Europe

While Abu was narrating this story, he was no longer in Spain but in Switzerland. A young intelligent man now getting depressed, because Europe had given him an unpleasant surprise, like many other African immigrants who were living in Spain : living in very inhumane condition in deserted houses, and so on.

The Alps. Photo: f-l-e-x (CC BY-NC-ND 2.0)

As he concluded his tale and no more sure of his fate in the Alpine country where he had moved from the suffering of Spain, he asked me: “Marcus, do you think it is worthy for all the fellow Africans to go through these difficulties to make it way to Europe?” I answered him: “ Some have no choice, but to run wherever they can”. He then broke down and cried, murmuring how he has wasted 3 years of his youth.

Abu was later arrested and deported to Spain, because of the Dublin Regulation, as he had already applied for asylum in Spain. When I was told of his arrest, tears came down my cheeks. The question that came to my mind was: who is to blame of all this? The wars? Poverty? The gross abuse of human rights that lead to thousands of refugees? But then, I stopped thinking because I recalled the biblical quote of Luke, that goes: “Do not judge, and you will not be judged. Do not condemn, and you will not be condemned. Forgive, and you will be forgiven”.

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Marcus

Membre de la rédaction valaisanne de Voix d’Exils